Struggle for Control of the Hinterland of the Bight of Biafra

About the Book

This book tells the story of the people of Igbo land at the middle of the nineteenth century, when Europe and Europeans held the dominant power over the lives and affairs of many peoples in Africa. This dominance, however, was never supposed to be total or absolute. Nevertheless, it managed to cast a constricting shadow—with its associated, if unhealthy, ambience—on the day-to-day lives of the people using the overwhelming military and economic power at its disposal at a time when Africans were either recovering from five hundred years of stupor brought on by its own dark ages (AD 1100–1600) or the shock and paralysis that followed the Moroccan (Mohamedan) and Spanish-mercenary-assisted mayhem and chaos of 1591 against the African kingdoms of West Africa. But the white man would soon lose most of his political and economic opportunities, and some of the absolute attributes he had mustered over the years the moment Britain and the other European races saw themselves as divinely appointed to right the wrongs of mankind. He would, from then on, render himself vulnerable to the tide of African enlightenment and progress, which was then building up everywhere, once the trade by which he had gained his ascendency over the other races of mankind began to decline. In addition, European ascendency witnessed an unusual reversal of luck when its residual strengths, recently boosted with the development of some newer types of weaponry—the Maxim machine gun in the UK (1883) and the Mauser Machine gun (1891) in Germany—weapons whose astonishing power and versatility had not previously been seen or tested in any battlefront, became more widely available to European and non-European troops. These, however, could not provide definitive answers to all the tactical and strategic imperatives of the developing new battlefront which European armies had sought. Nevertheless, these new weapons became celebrated after they were successfully used to hold the line and repel hordes of brave native fighters armed only with machetes and spears (South Africa) and bows and arrows (Kitchener’s Sudan), enabling British forces to claim easy victories over the native forces; several Victoria Crosses would be won on both battlefronts by the British army. The success of the campaigns clearly went to the heads of the victorious army commanders. Thus were sown the seeds that would grow, leading to the idea of invincibility of the white man in the battlefield and the tragic events that preceded the First World War (1914–1918).

About the Author

Dr. Frank Nwabueze Ihekwaba, MB. ChB (Edin), FRCS. FICS. FWACS, Postgrad. Cert. Immunol. is a retired Senior Lecturer in Surgery at the University of Liverpool, and Consulting Surgeon to the Royal Liverpool Hospital, England. He was, formerly, Senior Lecturer in Surgery, University of Ibadan, and Consulting Surgeon to the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. Educated at the Government College, Afikpo, (1953 -1957), and at the Norwich City College, Norfolk, England, (1961-1962), he went up to Edinburgh University where he studied medicine. Upon graduation, he took up several appointments at major UK and US hospitals. He returned to Nigeria to take up an appointment as Senior Registrar at the University of Ibadan in 1975, after which he was offered a Lectureship; this was followed by a Senior Lectureship in Surgery. An offer of a Research Fellowship in Surgery by the Trust Fund for Surgical Research in the Commonwealth, Oxford, England in 1981 took him to several research centres in the UK. In 1987, he was appointed Commissioner of Health in the Imo State Government. At the end of his service, he returned to Ibadan, proceeding, in 1991, to the UK for his Sabbatical Leave from whence he was appointed to various positions at major UK hospitals and research centres. He retired in 1999. He now spends his time between the UK and Nigeria, indulging his life-long passions and interests in writing, military history, and farming.